1,199 research outputs found
Extracting tag hierarchies
Tagging items with descriptive annotations or keywords is a very natural way
to compress and highlight information about the properties of the given entity.
Over the years several methods have been proposed for extracting a hierarchy
between the tags for systems with a "flat", egalitarian organization of the
tags, which is very common when the tags correspond to free words given by
numerous independent people. Here we present a complete framework for automated
tag hierarchy extraction based on tag occurrence statistics. Along with
proposing new algorithms, we are also introducing different quality measures
enabling the detailed comparison of competing approaches from different
aspects. Furthermore, we set up a synthetic, computer generated benchmark
providing a versatile tool for testing, with a couple of tunable parameters
capable of generating a wide range of test beds. Beside the computer generated
input we also use real data in our studies, including a biological example with
a pre-defined hierarchy between the tags. The encouraging similarity between
the pre-defined and reconstructed hierarchy, as well as the seemingly
meaningful hierarchies obtained for other real systems indicate that tag
hierarchy extraction is a very promising direction for further research with a
great potential for practical applications.Comment: 25 pages with 21 pages of supporting information, 25 figure
Az intenzĂven nevelt sĂĽllĹ‘ Ă©s kĹ‘sĂĽllĹ‘ növekedĂ©sĂ©nek Ă©s testösszetĂ©telĂ©nek összehasonlĂtĂł vizsgálata = Comparative study on the growth and body composition of the intensive reared pikeperch and Volga perch
A kutatás során meghatároztam a kĹ‘sĂĽllĹ‘ intenzĂv rendszerben valĂł nevelĂ©sekor a növekedĂ©si Ă©s takarmányĂ©rtĂ©kesĂtĂ©si paramĂ©tereket. A fogassĂĽllĹ‘höz hasonlĂłan a telepĂtĂ©si sűrűsĂ©get vizsgálva 2,08 g/l sűrűsĂ©gig nem találtam jelentĹ‘s eltĂ©rĂ©st a tömeggyarapodás, takarmányfogyasztás, takarmányĂ©rtĂ©kesĂtĂ©s tekintetĂ©ben A takarmányok zsĂrtartalmának változtatásakor a kĹ‘sĂĽllĹ‘nĂ©l Ă©s a fogassĂĽllĹ‘nĂ©l is hasonlĂł eredmĂ©nyeket kaptam. A test zsĂrtartalma a 18 % Ă©s a fölötti takarmány zsĂrtartalom hatására káros irányban változik (elzsĂrosodik), amelyet nem kĂsĂ©r ezzel azonos nagyságĂş tömeggyarapodás, növekedĂ©s. Az alternatĂv olajforrások közĂĽl a sĂĽllĹ‘vel ellentĂ©tben, a kĹ‘sĂĽllĹ‘ rĂ©szlegesen visszautasĂtotta a lenolajos takarmányt, mely csökkent gyarapodáshoz vezetett. A másik három növĂ©nyi olaj kiegĂ©szĂtĂ©s (repce, napraforgĂł, Ă©s szĂłja) esetĂ©ben azonban nem lĂ©pett fel semmilyen takarmányozási vagy növekedĂ©si problĂ©ma. A takarmányok zsĂrsavösszetĂ©tele mindkĂ©t fajnál befolyásolta a test zsĂrsavösszetĂ©telĂ©t. A takarmányozási ráta vizsgálata az általam tanulmányozott Ă©rtĂ©kek mellett nem vezetett pontos eredmĂ©nyekre. Bár tendenciájában mindkĂ©t faj esetĂ©ben a növekvĹ‘ ráta jobb növekedĂ©st eredmĂ©nyezett, a kapott növekedĂ©s a sĂĽllĹ‘nĂ©l nem volt kielĂ©gĂtĹ‘ Ă©s a testösszetĂ©tel sem változott jelentĹ‘sen, ami megerĹ‘sĂteni látszik, hogy további, 2%-nál magasabb napi adagok tesztelĂ©se is szĂĽksĂ©ges lehet ennek a paramĂ©ternek a megállapĂtásához. | Based on the results of the project the growth parameters and feed conversion ratio of the intensively reared Volga pikeperch fingerlings were determined. Similarly to the pikeperch there were no significant differences in the growth rate, feed consumption or feed conversion of the Volga pikeperch groups reared under stocking densities below 2.08 g/L. The effect of the grading levels of the dietary fat content was also similar on both the pikeperch and Volga pikeperch. The fat content of the fish body changes disadvantageously (fat deposition) without any compensating weight gain or growth. Contrarily to the pikeperch; the Volga pikeperch partially ignored the feed containing linseed oil supplementation, which resulted a depressed growth rate. However; the other three vegetable oil (rapeseed-, sunflower- and soybean oil) supplementation caused no nutritional or growth problems. The dietary fatty acid composition effects significantly the fillet FA composition in both species. The investigation of the effect of different daily feed ratios showed no adequate results. However, generally both species had better growth rates in the groups with higher daily feed ratios; the growth of pikeperch was not satisfactory and the body composition showed no changes at this level of the feed ratios. This suggests that further investigations are required to test the daily ratios above 2% of the bodyweight to determine the exact value of this parameter
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